With the increasing development of our country, the processing of CNC lathes has been continuously improved. Therefore, we need to continue to train more CNC lathe operators to ensure a steady flow of talents. For this reason, we novices are learning CNC. What knowledge and essentials should be mastered when CNC lathes? Let’s take a look at what needs to be mastered for CNC lathe processing.
1. The operator of the CNC lathe should have a clear grasp of the entire operation process. In this regard, we need to understand the mechanical structure of the machine tool: to understand the mechanical structure of the machine tool; to grasp the axis distribution of the machine tool; moreover, to firmly grasp the positive and negative directions of each CNC axis of the machine tool; to grasp the functions and components of the machine tool Use, such as simple pneumatic system principle and function, simple hydraulic system working principle and function; in addition, master the working principle and function of each auxiliary unit of the machine tool, such as tool magazine, cooling unit, voltage regulator, electrical cabinet cooler, etc. The working principle, function and usage method of other units, as well as the working principle, function and usage method of each safety door lock of the machine tool.
Firmly grasp the function of each operation button of the machine tool: know how to execute the program; how to pause the program and check the processing state of the workpiece, and then resume the suspended state to continue executing the program, how to stop the program; how to execute the program after changing the program, and so on.
Second, be proficient in controlling the manual or automatic operation of CNC machine tools, and be proficient in the movement of each CNC axis of the control machine. The operator must reach the realm of practice makes perfect, so that he can retract and release freely under any circumstances; only in the event of a collision or failure, the operator can correctly and timely deal with the problem, and the operator will form a conditioned reflex. , Decisively take braking measures. In addition, the operator must be very familiar with the processing procedures of the CNC machine tool; what kind of processes and operations the machine tool should have and what actions should be very familiar. When the machine tool executes the program, you can know at the first time whether the machine tool action is correct and whether you need to take braking measures. In addition, every beginner operator has more or less fear in the early stages of operating the machine tool, fearing that the machine tool will hit the machine or the machine will hit. Then only after the operator has mastered the operation of CNC machine tools, can he overcome similar fears and learn and master higher CNC machine operation skills on this basis.
Third, it is necessary to be proficient in program editing, parameter compensation of each process and compensation of the diameter and length of the tool or grinding wheel. First of all, you must be trained to master the programming language, programming method and parameter compensation method of the CNC machine tool you want to operate. Now most advanced CNC machine tools are equipped with PC workstations for programming or simulation. Then beginners can first perform software editing and machine tool cutting simulation learning on the workstation. In the process of learning programming, do not only pay attention to the simulation results, but more importantly, learn to simulate the machining process. You must understand what kind of tool or grinding wheel is required to process the workpiece, and what kind of motion trajectory of the CNC axis of the machine tool completes the cutting process; When performing a specific process, the position and direction of the movement of the relevant parts in the machine tool; pay attention to the movement direction and cutting direction of each axis when performing the processing, including how to feed and retract the tool, pay attention to each work in the machine tool processing The fast forward speed and displacement of each step, the speed and displacement of each work step.
When processing through simulation software, pay attention that all parameters must be entered correctly during the simulation process. Do not enter sloppyly because of the simulation. This may result in incorrect simulation processing results; or cause collision accidents during actual processing in the future, or The parts are scrapped. If the simulation software has the function of anti-collision test, then it is necessary to use this function to check the correctness of the programming. In addition, the operator needs to pay special attention: the simulation processing is only a theoretical result, and it does not mean that the machine tool will not collide in the actual cutting process, nor does it mean that qualified products can be processed. The purpose of simulation is to save programming time, improve the actual utilization rate of the machine tool, and reduce the debugging time when processing the workpiece. It does not represent the actual part processing. The completion of perfect workpiece processing is inseparable from the wisdom and sweat of CNC machine operators.
Fourth, the processing skills in the actual processing process, carefully prepare for the work, first read the drawings, confirm the position of the workpiece to be processed, confirm the accuracy tolerance of the workpiece to be processed, and then edit the processing program. It is necessary to prepare the workpieces and tools or grinding wheels needed in the processing, prepare all the inspection instruments needed in the processing process, and prepare all the auxiliary tools and fixtures required in the processing process.